Какие примеры false friends есть между китайским и английским языками

False friends are words in different languages that look or sound similar but have different meanings. Between Chinese and English, false friends often arise due to differences in cultural context, metaphorical usage, and language structure. Here are a few examples:

1. “Gift” (English) vs. “礼物” (Chinese): In English, “gift” means a present or something given voluntarily without payment. The Chinese equivalent is “礼物” (lǐwù). However, the word “gift” can also mean “poison” in German, which can cause confusion for speakers of multiple languages.

2. “Coin” (English) vs. “硬币” (Chinese): In English, “coin” refers to a piece of metal used as money. The Chinese equivalent is “硬币” (yìngbì). However, the phonetic similarity between “coin” and the Chinese word “看” (kàn), meaning “to look,” can lead to misunderstandings.

3. “Menu” (English) vs. “菜单” (Chinese): In English, a “menu” is a list of food and drink items available in a restaurant. The Chinese equivalent is “菜单” (càidān). However, the English word might be confused with the Chinese word “面目” (miànmù), which means “appearance.”

4. Cultural Metaphors: Many false friends arise from metaphorical meanings that differ between cultures. For instance, certain idiomatic expressions in one language may not translate directly into another due to cultural differences ².

These examples illustrate how false friends can create challenges in translation and communication between English and Chinese speakers. Understanding these differences is crucial for effective cross-cultural communication and translation ^{2, 6}.

Ссылки

• Some examples from a corpus investigation of potentially confusing polysemy and false friends in the terminology of music, centred on English and French, with equivalents in five other languages

• A Cognitive Analysis of False Friends in Chinese-English Translation on Conceptual Metaphor Theory

• Metaphor and Metonymy as a Source of False Friends in Spanish and Standard Modern Greek

• On “False Friends of Translator” (French-English)

• English loanwords in Hong Kong Cantonese: false friend cognates and English vocabulary acquisition

• On Comparison between Chinese and English Vocabulary

• ight SPANISH-ENGLISH FALSE FRIENDS : POSSIBLE PROBLEMS FOR THE NIGERIAN LEARNER OF SPANISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE Purity

• The Comparison of Chinese and English Idioms ----from the Perspective of Ethics

• A Chinese Dataset for Evaluating the Safeguards in Large Language Models

• Phraseological false friends in English and Slovene and the metaphors behind them