How does context influence the choice of formal or informal address in German conversations

Context influences the choice of formal or informal address in German conversations by reflecting the social relationship, setting, and expectations between speakers. Formal address (“Sie”) is typically used in professional, official, or unfamiliar settings to convey respect and social distance. Informal address (“du”) is reserved for close relationships such as family, friends, or peers, signaling familiarity and intimacy. Using the wrong form of address can impact how the situation and interlocutors are perceived, sometimes causing discomfort or negative impressions. Social norms, age, hierarchy, and the conversational setting all contribute to determining whether formal or informal address is appropriate in German. ^{1, 2, 3}

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