How does Japanese verb conjugation differ across verb groups

Japanese verb conjugation differs across verb groups primarily due to the categorization of verbs into three main groups: Group 1 (Godan verbs), Group 2 (Ichidan verbs), and Group 3 (Irregular verbs). Each group has distinct conjugation patterns.

Group 1 verbs (Godan) conjugate by changing the final consonant sound of the verb stem according to the desired form (such as negative, past, potential), and these verbs are often more irregular in their patterns.

Group 2 verbs (Ichidan) conjugate more uniformly; they typically end in -iru or -eru and conjugate by simply dropping the ending and adding conjugation suffixes. They are considered simpler and more regular than Group 1 verbs.

Group 3 consists of a small number of irregular verbs, such as する (to do) and くる (to come), which have unique conjugation forms separate from Groups 1 and 2.

Thus, verb conjugation differences mainly lie in how the stem or ending changes across these groups when forming different verb tenses and moods, with Group 1 having a wider range of stem modifications, Group 2 being more straightforward, and Group 3 being irregular exceptions. ^{1, 2}

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