What are key differences between slang and literary Russian

Key differences between slang and literary Russian include the following:

• Literary Russian is the standardized, norm-governed form of the language used in formal writing, official communication, and literature. It follows strict grammatical, stylistic, and lexical rules and aims for clarity, correctness, and cultural preservation. It uses a broad, often elevated vocabulary and seeks to embody the cultural and historical richness of the language.

• Slang in Russian is informal, colloquial language characterized by creativity, expressiveness, and often spontaneity. It tends to break conventional grammar and lexical norms. Slang is prevalent among younger speakers and in casual conversation. It often includes neologisms, borrowings (especially from English), and regional or subcultural expressions.

• Slang is more emotive, playful, and frequently used to establish in-group identity or exclude outsiders. It often features a dynamic and evolving lexicon reacting to social changes and technological progress.

• Literary Russian also tends to have a more stable vocabulary, with a focus on preserving linguistic purity, although it naturally evolves as well.

• There can be conflicts or communication gaps between generations or social groups due to slang usage, while literary Russian serves as a lingua franca for wider communication.

• Literary Russian is typically taught in educational institutions and is considered the form appropriate for public discourse, mass media, and artistic expression. Slang is more restricted to informal settings and may be undesirable or stigmatized in formal contexts.

• Borrowings in slang enrich the language differently from literary Russian, where the introduction of borrowings is more regulated and debated.

In summary, literary Russian is formal, standardized, norm-oriented, and culturally anchored, while slang is informal, innovative, expressive, and socially dynamic. ^{1, 2, 3}

References

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