Key vocabulary differences: formal vs casual words
Here is a concise summary of key vocabulary differences between formal and casual (informal) words:
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Formal vocabulary tends to use longer, more complex, and Latin- or Greek-derived words such as “commence” (start), “terminate” (end), “inquire” (ask), “utilize” (use), “residence” (house), “colleague” (co-worker), and “approximately” (about). It avoids contractions and slang, favoring complete words and precise terminology.
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Casual or informal vocabulary uses simpler, everyday words and sometimes slang or colloquialisms, such as “start,” “end,” “ask,” “use,” “house,” “friend,” “about.” It commonly includes contractions or shortened forms like “can’t,” “wanna,” “gonna,” and informal expressions like “wicked,” “ta,” or “ain’t.”
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Formal language is objective, impersonal, and precise, often using more technical or abstract terms. Informal language is personal, conversational, and relaxed, often using more direct, simple, and expressive words.
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Modal verbs and polite phrases are more common in formal vocabulary to show respect and formality (e.g., “Would you kindly,” “We regret to inform you”), whereas informal vocabulary may use more straightforward or abbreviated forms (“Can you,” “Sorry, but…”).
Examples comparing formal vs informal vocabulary:
| Formal | Informal |
|---|---|
| Commence | Start |
| Terminate | End |
| Inquire | Ask |
| Utilize | Use |
| Residence | House |
| Colleague | Co-worker |
| Approximately | About |
| We regret to inform | Sorry, but |
| Would you kindly | Can you |
| Thank you | Thanks |
In summary, formal vocabulary is elevated, precise, and avoids contractions and slang, making it suitable for professional, academic, or official communication. Casual vocabulary is simpler, more direct, and suits everyday, friendly, or informal settings. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7