What are common situations requiring formal Japanese language

Common situations requiring formal Japanese language include:

1. Workplace interactions, especially when communicating with superiors, clients, or in hierarchical relationships where politeness and respect are essential. Formal language helps maintain harmony and avoid embarrassment. ^{7, 19}
2. Business meetings and official correspondence, where respectful expressions must be used to show deference and professionalism. ⁷
3. Introducing oneself formally, such as during job interviews or professional settings, where polite self-introduction (jikoshoukai) is required. ¹⁹
4. Public speaking, ceremonies, and interviews, where formal language conveys respect for the audience and context. ¹³
5. Service encounters where politeness is expected, such as when making requests or giving instructions with consideration of social status and closeness of relationships. ^{11, 15}
6. Apologies and requests, which use specific formal linguistic forms to express politeness and humility. ^{14, 15}
7. Formal written communications like reports, documents, or official letters where respectful and formal tone must be maintained. ^{2, 20}

These contexts reflect the cultural importance of hierarchy, social harmony, and respect in Japanese communication, necessitating the use of formal language appropriately to the situation and social relationships involved. ^{19, 7}

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