How does Russian politeness differ from Western customs

Russian politeness differs noticeably from Western customs in several key aspects including directness, formality, and interpersonal expectations.

Directness and Formality

In Russian culture, politeness often includes a level of directness that may seem blunt to Westerners. Russians tend to value sincerity and straightforwardness over the more indirect, softening language common in Western politeness. For example, invitations and requests in Russian culture can be quite direct and are generally not perceived as imposing, whereas Western cultures might prefer more indirect phrasing to avoid potential imposition. ¹

Forms of Address and Social Distance

Russian politeness involves strict use of formal and informal address forms («ты» vs «вы»), which marks social distance clearly. Using the formal «вы» is essential when showing respect, especially to strangers or older people. Western cultures also have formal and informal forms but often with more flexibility and less emphasis on strict distinctions in casual everyday interactions. ²

Expressions of Politeness and Sincerity

In Russian communication, politeness is tied closely to honesty and genuine interest rather than mere formality or ritualized pleasantries, which are sometimes viewed as empty or superficial in Russian culture. Western politeness strategies often emphasize outward verbal expressions of respect even if they may be somewhat performative. ^{3, 4}

Interpersonal Expectations

Russians may expect a greater degree of openness and emotional expression in polite interactions, while Western politeness might prioritize emotional restraint and maintaining personal boundaries. This also connects to a sharper distinction in Russia between private and public spheres, with politeness adapting accordingly. ³

In summary, Russian politeness values directness, clear social hierarchy in address forms, and sincere communication over the often more indirect, nuanced politeness customs typical in Western societies. ^{1, 2, 3}

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