What are common irregular Ukrainian verbs and their conjugation patterns

Common irregular Ukrainian verbs often deviate from standard conjugation patterns, particularly in their present tense, past tense, and participle forms. These verbs typically include frequent, essential verbs such as “бути” (to be), “мати” (to have), “йти” (to go), “дати” (to give), and “хотіти” (to want). Irregular verbs may show changes in their stem or endings depending on tense and person.

Key conjugation patterns of common irregular Ukrainian verbs:

1. Verb “бути” (to be)

• Present tense: я є, ти є, він/вона є (often omitted in speech)
• Past tense: був (m), була (f), було (n), були (pl)
• Future tense is formed analytically with the verb “бути” plus infinitive

2. Verb “мати” (to have)

• Present tense: я маю, ти маєш, він/вона має, ми маємо, ви маєте, вони мають
• Past tense: мав/мала/мало/мали
• Future tense: буду мати, будеш мати, etc.

3. Verb “йти” (to go, set off on foot)

• Present tense: я йду, ти йдеш, він йде, ми йдемо, ви йдете, вони йдуть
• Past tense: йшов/йшла/йшло/йшли
• Future tense is mostly analytical: піду, підеш, etc.

4. Verb “дати” (to give)

• Present tense: rarely used; instead, the perfective aspect is employed mostly in past and future
• Past tense: дав/дала/дало/дали
• Future tense: дам, даси, дасть, дамо, дасте, дадуть

5. Verb “хотіти” (to want)

• Present tense: я хочу, ти хочеш, він/вона хоче, ми хочемо, ви хочете, вони хочуть
• Past tense: хотів/хотіла/хотіло/хотіли
• Future tense: буду хотіти, будеш хотіти, etc.

Irregular verbs often show vowel alternations or stem changes in either the present, past, or future forms. Reflexive forms (verbs ending in -ся or -сь) may also alter conjugations. Additionally, Ukrainian verbs have two aspects—imperfective and perfective—that affect conjugation and usage.

This overview includes the most frequent irregular verbs and their typical conjugation patterns in Ukrainian. For complete mastery, consulting detailed verb conjugation tables and learning verbal aspect distinctions is recommended. ^{3, 7}

References

• Common Contractions of Verb Forms; A Note on the Remaining Irregular Verbs (Ossa Encounters 39, 82)

• BULGARIAN DESIDERATIVE VERBS AND THEIR UKRAINIAN COUNTERPARTS IN A PARALLEL CORPUS

• UNIT FOUR Present tense of some common irregular verbs

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• GRADE 10 ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE LEARNERS’ STRATEGIES FOR PAST SIMPLE TENSE IRREGULAR VERBS INFLECTION MASTERY

• The irregularity of weak verbs without vowel alternations in Modern English

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• THE SYNTACTIC UNIT (FROM DEFINITION TO MODELLING)

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• New Bulgarian, Polish, and Ukrainian phraseology and language corpora

• CONVERSION PHENOMENON OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE: ITS DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS AND TRANSLATION INTO UKRAINIAN