Are there specific rules for switching between formal and informal Russian

In Russian, switching between formal and informal speech depends largely on social context, the relationship between speakers, and the level of politeness or respect intended. Formal Russian is typically used in professional settings, with strangers, elders, or superiors, and employs polite forms such as using the formal “Вы” (you) pronoun, last names with titles, and more respectful vocabulary and verb forms. Informal Russian is common among friends, family, and peers, using the informal “ты” pronoun, first names or nicknames, and casual expressions. The choice of formal or informal speech signals social distance or closeness, respect, and politeness, and changing registers requires awareness of these social cues to avoid offense or awkwardness. The rules for switching are thus context-driven and tied to cultural norms of politeness and hierarchy in communication. ¹

Verweise

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